ANTIBIOTICS

Antibiotics? Who's Afraid? Maybe that's how most patients thinks mind Indonesia when given a prescription by a physician when medical treatment ... because it already often given the AB, we immediately wrote to drink without questioning
first whether it is true we need to AB? So when do we need and when not?
This summary briefly discusses what it was AB and some topics
related .....

What is AB?
AB was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1929 and used for
kill bacteria directly or weaken the bacteria so that
can then be killed by our immune system. AB is the
is 1. natural products, 2. semi-synthetic, derived from nature are made with some
changes to make it more robust, reducing the side effects or to expand
types of bacteria can be killed, 3. full synthetic.

Types of Antibiotics:
1. Narrow spectrum, useful for killing bacteria jenis2 specifically.
Maybe if the military can be equated with the sniper, shoot a target
appropriately. AB belonging to ampicillin and narrow-spectrum is
amoxycilin (augmentin, surpas, Bactrim, septrim).
2. Broad-spectrum, killing all types of bacteria in the body, or can be
equated with a nuclear bomb. It is advisable to avoid consuming AB
this type, because the more toxic and also kill other bacterial species
very useful for our body. AB in this category is
cephalosporin (cefspan, cefat, Keflex, velosef, duricef, etc.).

Bacteria
Bacteria based on its physical properties can be divided into two, namely Gram positive (+)
and gram negative (-). Infection on the upper diaphragm (chest) is generally caused
by Gram (+) while the infection under the diaphragm caused
by bacteria gram (-). Usually, infections caused by gram (+) more
easily resisted. In our bodies there are a lot of bacteria, even one
one is the bacterial content of breast milk. So, in fact, most bacteria
not "evil". Benefits of our intestines and bacteria are:
1. bacteria change what we eat into the nutrients needed by
body.
2. produce vitamins B & K.
3. repair old cells and intestinal wall is damaged.
4. stimulate bowel movements so that we do not easily throw up (constipation).
5. breeding inhibit bad bacteria and indirectly prevent our bodies so as not infected with bad bacteria.

Now we know the benefits, so do not drink AB again without any reason
Clearly, as this will kill the good bacteria.

Virus
Although fellow micro-organisms, viruses much smaller
compared with bacteria. They breed by using cell
our bodies, so the virus will die when positioned outside the body. Important note: virus
can not be killed by drugs and AB did not work against viruses.
Viruses can only be eradicated by the immune system or our immune system, one
of them is with a fever. Fever is part of the power system
useful immune system to eradicate the virus, because viruses are not resistant
with a high body temperature. So if the child / you have a fever,
should not be treated if their body temperature is not too high.
When AB does not work?
According to research, there are 3 conditions that are generally treated with AB, ie
1. Fever, 2. Sore throat, 3. Diarrhea. And, in fact, use
AB to the above condition is inappropriate and unhelpful.
Below are instructions when antibiotics are not working:
1. Colds & Flu
2. Cough or bronchitis
3. Laryngitis
4. Ear infections. Not all ear infections need AB.
5. Sinusitis. In general, do not require AB.
The use of AB is not in place and will not excess
beneficial, detrimental and even dangerous.

When do We need AB?
Below are some types of bacterial infections that commonly occur and
AB therapy requires:
1. Urinary tract infections
2. Some middle ear infections called otitis media or
3. Severe sinusitis (lasting more than weeks, headache,
swelling of the face)
4. Sore throat because of streptococcal bacteria infection (usually
attacking children aged 7 years or more, while in children aged 4 years
only
15% who have strep throat because this germ)

How do I know this is bacterial infection?
To find out if there is a bacterial infection usually by performing culture
which takes several days for observation. For example, if suspected
urinary tract infection, lab. take a urine sample and then
cultured, after a few days will be found out if there is a bacterial infection following
type.

AB Negative Effects
Below are the side effects experienced by users when consumed AB;
1. Gastrointestinal disorders (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, heartburn) is the effect
The most frequent side.
2. Allergic reaction. Ranging from mild such as rash, itching to the
such severe swelling of lips / eyelids, trouble breathing, etc..
3. Fever (drug fever). AB which can cause fever Bactrim, septrim,
sefalsporoin & erythromycin.
4. Blood disorders. Some AB can disrupt the bone marrow, one
only chloramphenicol.
Health Info March 28, 2007 11
5. Liver abnormalities. AB The most frequent cause of these effects are of TB drugs
like INH, rifampin and PZA (pyrazinamide).
6. Impaired renal function. AB Group that could cause this effect is
aminoglycoside (garamycine, gentamycin intravenously), imipenem / Meropenem and
Ciprofloxacin group. For patients with kidney disease, should hati2 consume AB.
AB The use of inappropriate and excessive (irrational) can also
raises a broader negative effect (long term), that is against us and
environment, for example:
1. Irrational use can also kill germs are good and useful
exist within our bodies. So the place originally occupied by bacteria
This well will be filled by the bad bacteria or by fungus. This condition is also called
as "superinfection".
2. Giving excessive AB is not going to cause bakteri2
killed bacteria mutate and become a resistance to AB,
called SUPERBUGS. So the type of bacteria which initially can be treated
easily with a mild AB, when used with ABnya
irrational, then the bacteria mutate and become resistant, so that
require a more powerful type AB. Imagine if these bacteria spread
into the environment. Eventually, if the irrational use of this AB
continues, then one day it will create conditions where there are no more species
AB which can kill bacteria that are constantly mutating. This will
make us go back to the days before the AB was found, where infection
caused by this bacterium can not be treated so that the death rate will
shot up dramatically.
Note: The more often consume AB, the more often we are ill. The less you
AB consume, the less frequent you get sick.

AB Inappropriate Use
Berjuta2 written prescription that includes the AB for viral infections, whereas we
all know AB is useless to fight the virus. There are 3 reasons why
apparopriate use of AB is the case, namely:
1. Diagnostic uncertainty.
2. Time pressure.
3. Patient Demand. "People do not Want to miss work or have a sick child Theys WHO
kept the family up all night and they're willing to try anything That Might Work ". It's
Easier for the physician to give AB Than to Explain why it Might be better not to
use it.
True, we too often as the patient also plays a role in the AB irrational use
this. Already established in the patient's perception of Indonesia, where we
assume that if you come home from the doctor's visit should take
prescription. Will actually funny if we did not come home with a prescription. This
would encourage physicians to prescribe AB when not needed.
Should this attitude little by little we lose.

1. Change the attitude during his visit to the doctor by asking: What
cause illness? not what the medicine.
2. Do a little ask doctors to prescribe AB. Do not
AB consuming for viral infections like flu / colds, cough or sore
throat.
If you feel uncomfortable due to infection tsb. asked the doctor how
relieve symptoms but not with AB.
3. Disinfectants do not use at home, just with water and soap.
Only required when the house is sick with low immune
(Post-transplant, children with chronic illness, long-term steroid use,
etc..).
Battle of the Bugs: Fighting Resistance AB
The problem of bacteria resistant to AB (AB resistance) has become
global problem and has been since the last few decades the medical world
AB launched a war against this resistance.
There are clues that can be done for about the rational use of AB,
namely:
1. Reduce the use of AB, do not use the AB for viral infections.
2. AB benar2 Use only when needed and start with AB
or narrow-spectrum light.
3. For mild infections (respiratory infections, ear or sinus) that
AB is necessary, use the AB that works against gram (+).
Health Info March 28, 2007 13
4. For severe bacterial infection (infection under diafrgma, such as infection
kidney / urinary tract, appendicitis, typhoid, prneumonia, bacterial meningitis) select AB
that also kills germs gram (+).
5. Avoid the use of more than one AB, except tuberculosis or serious infections at home
ill.
6. Avoid use of ointments AB, except for eye infections.
When you get AB therapy, pertanyakanlah hal2 follows:
1. Why do I need AB?
2. What does AB?
3. What side effects?
4. What can be done to prevent the occurrence of side effects?
5. Does AB have to be taken at specific times, eg before or
after dinner?
6. What if AB is eaten along with other medications?
7. Tell also if you have an allergy to a drug or food,
etc..

Final Message
As a responsible health care consumers, we should also
active role by digging and learn the basic knowledge of science
health. That way we will become a smart health consumer
and critical. So, hopefully this article can add a basic knowledge of science
the health of the reader.
This paper is made not to oppose the use of AB. Instead we must
know how to use correct and appropriate AB because it AB
the irrational will cause AB to be impotent or lose
benefits. Antibiotics save lives, Also We therefore have to save Antibiotics.
wrote Dr. Purnamawati Sp A, a pediatrician and caregiver mailing list
health